Blood Enzyme Testing

Various blood enzyme tests are available to assess different health conditions.

* Troponin and CK-MB: When muscle tissue is damaged, particularly heart muscle, levels of troponin and CK-MB enzymes increase in the blood. These tests are used to detect heart attacks.

Troponin Reference Ranges:

* Troponin I: 0 - 0.04 ng/mL
* Troponin T: 0 - 0.01 ng/mL

CK-MB Reference Range:

* 3 - 5% of total CK or 5 - 25 IU/L

Blood Clotting Tests (Coagulation Tests)

Blood clotting tests check for proteins that affect blood clotting.

* D-Dimer Test: Detects D-dimer, a protein fragment formed during blood clot breakdown.
* Normal D-dimer: < 0.50
* PT Test (Prothrombin Time): Determines how long it takes for blood to clot.
* INR (International Normalized Ratio): Calculation based on PT test results.
* Normal INR: 0.8 - 1.1
* Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) Test: Measures blood clotting time.
* Normal APTT: 21 - 35 seconds

Note:

* Abnormal clotting time or D-dimer levels may indicate bleeding or clotting risks.
* There is no critical level for D-dimer.
* Coagulation tests are also used to monitor medications that prevent blood clots.